The European Commission said Tuesday that Poland had failed to address flaws in legislation to overhaul its judicial system and gave Warsaw a month to comply or face court action.

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EU leaders have grown increasingly exasperated with Poland’s conservative government, and the running battle between Brussels and Warsaw over the changes to the judicial system is emblematic of a widening rift between Eastern and Western Europe on numerous issues, including migration and labor policy.

The East-West divide is expected to feature prominently in Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker’s State of the Union speech on Wednesday, and the announcement of the stepped-up enforcement action against Warsaw came as the College of Commissioners met in Strasbourg ahead of the speech.

The Commission, along with many EU governments and rights advocates, have insisted that the changes to Poland’s judicial system imposed by the governing Law and Justice (PiS) party do not meet EU standards on rule-of-law and undermine the independence of the judiciary.

The Polish government has rejected the allegations and refused to back down in the dispute, saying it fully explained its position and addressed the concerns raised by Brussels.

In its statement on Tuesday, the Commission said it had “carried out a thorough analysis of the response of the Polish authorities to the Letter of Formal Notice sent in July 2017” and “finds that its concerns have not been adequately addressed and therefore has moved to the next stage of the infringement procedure.”

“The Polish authorities have one month to take the necessary measures to comply,” the Commission said, adding: “If the Polish authorities do not take appropriate measures, the Commission may decide to refer the case to the Court of Justice of the EU.”

The Commission had earlier warned Warsaw that it would face an even more severe disciplinary response if it tried to remove any judges from the country’s Supreme Court. The PiS-controlled parliament adopted legislation that would effectively force out all Supreme Court judges not approved by the justice minister, but President Andrzej Duda vetoed the measure.